Breast ultrasound is a non-invasive, safe, and painless imaging test widely used to examine breast tissue in detail. It allows close visualisation of the internal structures of the breast, helping to identify and characterise nodules, cysts, and other abnormalities, and is often used alongside mammography. This test is particularly useful for women with dense breast tissue, where mammography may have limitations.
What is a Breast Ultrasound and What is it For?
Breast ultrasound uses high-frequency sound waves (ultrasound) to produce real-time images of the breast tissue. As it does not involve radiation, it is considered a safe procedure that can be repeated whenever necessary.
Breast ultrasound plays an important role in clinical practice and may be used for:
- Detailed assessment of palpable nodules or abnormalities identified in other imaging tests.
- Differentiating solid lesions from cysts (fluid-filled structures).
- Complementing mammography, especially in women with dense breast tissue where mammography may be less conclusive.
- Guiding minimally invasive procedures, such as ultrasound-guided biopsies.
- Monitoring previously identified changes, allowing ongoing follow-up over time.
It is frequently recommended for younger women, pregnant women, and in clinical situations such as breast pain, inflammation, or nipple discharge.
Cost of a Breast Ultrasound
The cost of a breast ultrasound is €30 for self-paying patients. NRD also has agreements with:
- SNS / ARS
- ADSE: patients pay only the €8 co-payment, ADM GNR, SAD PSP
- Insurance companies: Médis, Multicare, Advance Care, Allianz, Saúde Prime, Future HealthCare, Generali, MGEN, among others
- Health plans: Medicare, Saúde Prime, Future HealthCare, Continente Wells, ACP, among others
The final cost may vary depending on the subsystem, insurance provider, or health plan used.
How is the Examination Performed?
Breast ultrasound is carried out in a controlled environment, ensuring patient comfort and accurate image acquisition. The procedure typically involves:
- The patient lies on a couch in a dimly lit room to facilitate image visualisation.
- A clear gel is applied to the skin of the breast to enhance the transmission of sound waves and allow the ultrasound probe to glide smoothly.
- The ultrasound probe is moved carefully over the entire breast and, when necessary, the axillary region to assess the lymph nodes.
- Images are viewed in real time on a monitor and interpreted by a specialist radiologist, ensuring reliable and detailed analysis.
- The examination usually takes 15 to 30 minutes, depending on the complexity and number of areas to be assessed.
What Can Be Detected?
Breast ultrasound can identify and characterise different types of breast changes, including:
- Simple or complex cysts: fluid-filled structures that can be monitored or further assessed.
- Solid nodules: benign or suspicious lesions, guiding biopsy or additional tests.
- Inflammatory or infectious changes: signs of mastitis, abscesses, or other inflammatory conditions.
- Ductal dilation or thickening: important for evaluating nipple discharge or structural changes.
- Axillary lymph node abnormalities: enlarged or abnormal lymph nodes that may require follow-up.
The examination is particularly useful for distinguishing between solid and fluid-filled lesions and provides essential information for clinical decision-making and planning further investigations or interventions if needed.
When is Breast Ultrasound Recommended?
Breast ultrasound may be recommended in the following situations:
- Presence of palpable nodules
- Persistent or localised breast pain
- Changes in the shape, consistency, or texture of the breast
- Nipple discharge
- Complementary assessment to mammography
- Follow-up of previously identified breast lesions
- Assessment in younger women, pregnant women, or those who are breastfeeding
Each case is evaluated individually, allowing the doctor to integrate the ultrasound findings into the patient’s overall clinical context for an accurate diagnosis.
Preparation for Breast Ultrasound
Breast ultrasound does not require any prior preparation. However, it is recommended to:
- Wear comfortable and practical clothing that allows easy access to the breasts.
- Avoid applying creams, oils, or lotions on the day of the examination.
- Bring any previous imaging tests (mammograms, ultrasounds, clinical reports) and prescriptions, if available, to aid comparison and interpretation.
Where Can It Be Performed?
Breast ultrasound can be performed at NRD – Núcleo de Radiologia e Diagnóstico:
Avenida Columbano Bordalo Pinheiro, nº 11-B, r/c, 1070-060 Lisbon (near Praça de Espanha)
NRD has modern equipment and a specialised medical team, providing high-quality services with technical accuracy and personalised care.