{"id":1763,"date":"2024-08-06T13:31:45","date_gmt":"2024-08-06T12:31:45","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.nrd.pt\/exames\/electroencephalogram-eeg"},"modified":"2024-09-24T10:06:00","modified_gmt":"2024-09-24T09:06:00","slug":"electroencephalogram-eeg","status":"publish","type":"exames","link":"https:\/\/www.nrd.pt\/en\/exams\/electroencephalogram-eeg","title":{"rendered":"Electroencephalogram (EEG)"},"content":{"rendered":"<h2>What is it?<\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The <strong>Electroencephalogram (EEG)<\/strong> is a functional test designed to observe the brain&#8217;s electrical activity.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Electroencephalographic tests may include standard EEG, EEG with sleep test or polygraph EEG in neonates with digital equipment (Grass Telefactor).<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Other tests that use EEG include:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Ambulatory EEG<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> (24-hour Holter EEG with up to 24-channel recorder.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Ambulatory (home) sleep polygraph recording<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> &#8211; installation of portable equipment in the clinic.<br \/>\nPossibility of examining EEG channels and classifying\/quantifying sleep phases. <\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Multiple Sleep Latency Test<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> It must be carried out in the clinic under permanent technical supervision.<br \/>\nIt is important for diagnosing diseases that cause excessive daytime sleepiness, such as narcolepsy. <\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>How is it done?<\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The EEG can be carried out with the patient awake or asleep, an indication that should be given by the patient&#8217;s attending physician. <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">When asleep, the patient is instructed to sleep for about half the time they usually do the day before the test, in order to obtain the recording during physiological sleep.<br \/>\nThe sleep EEG lasts between one and a half and two hours.<br \/>\nThe EEG in wakefulness (routine) lasts about an hour (total time including placing and removing the electrodes). <\/span><\/p>\n<p><b>Ambulatory EEG (EEGamb)<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> is an electroencephalogram carried out with an ambulatory (portable) recorder which is designed to record uninterruptedly for several hours &#8211; the usual standard is 24 hours of recording, with 19 electrodes.<br \/>\nThe patient is connected to the recorder and can go home or to their usual work.<br \/>\nPreparation of the head by the technician takes longer as the electrodes are placed one by one with an appropriate glue.<br \/>\nThe patient can and should maintain activities as close to normal as possible during the recording day(s).<br \/>\nThe electrodes are removed in the laboratory at the end of the examination.<br \/>\nThe EEGamb is usually carried out on patients who have already had a routine EEG or even an EEG with a sleep test carried out previously.<br \/>\nYour doctor will know which type of test is right for you. <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">O <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.nrd.pt\/en\/exams\/polysomnography-polygraph-sleep-recording\"><b>Sleep Polygraph Study or Polysomnography (PSG)<\/b><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> is a special recording in which the brain&#8217;s electrical activity during sleep is studied, along with signs of breathing, heartbeat and oxygen saturation, among others needed to study the patient&#8217;s sleep.<br \/>\nPSG is indicated in cases of suspected sleep disorders, such as obstructive sleep apnea syndrome, restless legs syndrome and narcolepsy, among the most important.<br \/>\nIt can be carried out on an outpatient basis, i.e. with a portable recorder making it easy for the patient to go to sleep in their own home, or in the clinic with a fixed recorder and under technical supervision and continuous video surveillance. <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">O<\/span><b> Multiple Sleep Latency Test (MSLT)<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> is a very complex type of sleep study in which we observe how easily the patient falls asleep every two hours in successive tests carried out exclusively in the diagnostic clinic.<br \/>\nElectroencephalographic, electrooculographic and electromyographic channels are recorded and data on sleep latencies are extracted.<br \/>\nIt is an important test for diagnosing narcolepsy. <\/span><\/p>\n<h2><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><strong>For which cases is it indicated?<\/strong><\/span><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The EEG is indicated in clinical situations in which there are alterations in consciousness, both sudden and short-lived, and more insidious and longer-lasting.<\/span><\/p>\n<h2><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><strong>Where to do it?<\/strong><\/span><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The Electroencephalogram can be done at the <strong>NRD<\/strong>, at the following address: <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Avenida Columbano Bordalo Pinheiro, n\u00ba 11-B, r\/c, 1070 &#8211; 060 Lisboa (Next to Pra\u00e7a de Espanha)<\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"template":"","class_list":["post-1763","exames","type-exames","status-publish","hentry"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.nrd.pt\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/exames\/1763","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.nrd.pt\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/exames"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.nrd.pt\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/exames"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.nrd.pt\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1763"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}